cerebral

Influence of triptolide on neuronal apoptosis in rat with cerebral injury after focal ischemia reperfusion

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Influence of triptolide on neuronal apoptosis in rat with cerebral injury after focal ischemia reperfusion by Deng-ming Wei, Guang-zhao Huang, Yi-gu Zhang, Guang-xun Rao.

Objective: To study effect of triptolide(TL) on neuronal apoptosis in cerebral tissue rat after ischemia-reperfusion. Method: Triptolide at dose 0.2 or 0.4 mg·kg -1was intr aperitoneally injected once a day for 4 d. The focal ischemia-rep erfusion model was established with thread embolism middle artery before trip tolide injection the fourth day. Neurological deficit score rats eval uated; and immunohistochemical techniques were used to count positive cells express MPO TUNEL tissue. Result: Compare d control group, neural function significantly impr oved, number infiltrate neutrophil cere bral remarkably reduced two TL-treated groups. Conclusio n: results suggested that TL can inhibit infiltration decrease degree [

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Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements Using Stable Xenon Enhanced Computed Tomography

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Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements Using Stable Xenon Enhanced Computed Tomography by P. R.S. Kishore, Gopala U. V. Rao, Richard E. Fernandez, Richard L. Keenan, Ganesh D. Arora, Philip Gadisseux, Lauraine M. Stewart, Abund O. Wist, Panos P. Fatouros, David C. Dillard, Candy K. Watson.

Several theoretical and practical aspects of regional cerebral blood flow measurements using stable xenon gas CT are discussed. It is shown that by comparing the enhancement at any time T1 with saturation or other T2, need to use arbitrary means bring arterial concentration data same system measurement units can be eliminated. If performed continuously during washin phase, say intervals 1 min, least squares analysis used obtain best possible estimates for rate constant kappa enhancement. However, if only a limited number scans performed, as may case in human studies, it also get good estimate from knowledge ratio T2. Combinations = 2.0 min T2 4.0 1.0 6.0 5.0 were found most convenient. end-tidal exhaled air accurately assessed indirectly measuring oxygen, CO2, water vapor concentrations, thereby eliminating more expensive methods involving mass spectrometer thermal conductivity analyzer.

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Cerebral dissecting aneurysms in patients with moyamoya disease

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Cerebral dissecting aneurysms in patients with moyamoya disease by Masanori Yamashita, Kenzo Tanaka, Takefumi Matsuo, Kazumasa Yokoyama, Toru Fujii, Haruhiko Sakamoto.

✓ Dissecting intracranial arterial aneurysms were identified in a 16-year-old girl and 48-year-old man with moyamoya disease. Hemiplegia or tetraplegia rapidly developed. Angiography revealed bilateral stenoses occlusion of the bifurcation internal carotid arteries (ICA’s) an unusual vascular network at base brain. Autopsy confirmed massive hemorrhage from thalamus putamen, intraventricular extension. The segments both ICA’s markedly stenotic patients, due to eccentric fibroelastic intimal thickening. In one patient, dissecting aneurysm was microscopically, involving proximal segment left anterior cerebral artery. other right middle artery (MCA) dissected beneath elastic lamina along entire length horizontal MCA. Thus, may be present patients

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Lesion of the zona incerta: active avoidance task learning and local cerebral glucose metabolism

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Lesion of the zona incerta: active avoidance task learning and local cerebral glucose metabolism by Eiichiro Nagata, Fumio Gotoh, Kortaro Tanaka, Shintaro Gomi, Shutaro Takashima, Ban Mihara, Toshitaka Shirai, S. Nogawa.

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Individual cells in the nucleus basalis-diagonal band complex have restricted axonal projections to the cerebral cortex in the rat

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Individual cells in the nucleus basalis-diagonal band complex have restricted axonal projections to the cerebral cortex in the rat by Joseph L. Price, Richard C. Stern.

Cells in the nucleus basalis–diagonal band complex provide a largely cholinergic projection to all parts of telencephalon, including olfactory system, amygdala, hippocampus and neocortex. Experiments using fluorescent dyes as double retrograde axonal tracers indicate that although whole is very widespread, individual cells limited restricted area within cortex, not more than 1-1.5 mm diameter.

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Three-Dimensional Architecture of Cerebral Microvessels with a Scanning Electron Microscope: A Cerebrovascular Casting Method for Fetal and Adult Rats

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Three-Dimensional Architecture of Cerebral Microvessels with a Scanning Electron Microscope: A Cerebrovascular Casting Method for Fetal and Adult Rats by Yasuji Yoshida, Fusahiro Ikuta.

Vascular casting for scanning electron microscopic studies on microvascular architecture is in common use various visceral organs the field of anatomy. However, only a few have been performed brain using previously reported method, and no detailed descriptions deal with suitable methodology producing vascular casts. Our introduced here, CNS from fetal to adult stage involves following modifications: (1) Perfusion fixation carried out before injecting plastic resin into cerebral blood vessels; (2) digestion nervous tissue accomplished sodium hydroxide hypochlorite solution; (3) casts are dried by freeze-drying while nondigested slices opposite can be investigated light microscopy transmission microscopy. This modified method enables one represent system rat three-dimensionally embryonal day 17 onward. It hoped that this will prove useful tool morphological research system.

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Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism

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Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism by M. J. Purves.

The cerebral circulation has the same relation to tissue which it perfuses as do blood vessels in other vascular beds. Oxygen and substrate must be supplied proportion metabolic rate, chemical composition of extracellular fluid regulated constancy, temperature controlled with very narrow limits. There are, however, certain unique features about brain its circulation. First, low O2 stores a limited capacity respire anaerobically, so that safety factor between supply uptake is small. Vascular responses either changes metabolism or systemic disturbances such hypoxia, hypoglycaemia, hypotension threaten therefore much more prompt than, for example, voluntary muscle. Secondly, rigid skull imposes number constraints. cannot significant volume, if there associated intracranial pressure (ICP) could well alter resistance offered flow by small, thin-walled venules exposed cerebrospinal (CSF). Thirdly, almost certainly misleading think (CBF) regulation homogeneous for, will discussed later, levels different parts may vary up an order magnitude, while difference speed response local suggests quite factors are involved. This chapter concerned mainly mechanisms control vessels, three topics considered: way respond commoner disturbances; regulation; adjusts need. information, is, provide basis complete understanding how compromised various disease states.KeywordsCerebral Blood FlowRegional Cerebral FlowCerebral CirculationCerebral MetabolismLocal FlowThese keywords were added machine not authors. process experimental updated learning algorithm improves.

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Endogenous Peroxidatic Activity in the Cerebral and Cerebellar Cortex of Normal Adult Rats

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Endogenous Peroxidatic Activity in the Cerebral and Cerebellar Cortex of Normal Adult Rats by N. G. Conradi.

There are at least three sources of endogenous peroxidatic activity that present in both the cerebral and cerebellar cortex. All sources, being neuronal, astrocytic or hemoglobin-dependent, may obscure interpretation studies using exogenous horseradish peroxidase. The activities to a variable extent influenced by fixation. From results DAB-incubation cryostate sectioned brain appears be an acceptable method for histochemical demonstration mitochondrial cytochrome chain enzymes.

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The chest-head preparation used to study cerebral circulation

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The chest-head preparation used to study cerebral circulation by G. I. Mchedilishvili.

A chest-head preparation is described in which circulation maintained only the area of chest, neck, and head, climinated abdominal cavity limbs. By means a compensator, systemic blood pressure may be well stabilized while various effects occur. The successfully used for investigating intrinsic mechanisms cerebral control. It has number advantages over heart-lung-head recently by Dozio.

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Lateral Release to the Foot Deformity of the Planovalgus in Children of Cerebral Palsy

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Lateral Release to the Foot Deformity of the Planovalgus in Children of Cerebral Palsy by C. Ann, T. Matsuo, K. Ueda, H. Hara.

Rehabilitation of the patient with cerebral palsy depends on restoration muscle balance. And no therapeutic program for can succeed without power. Planovalgus deformity foot would be not merely but also cause scissors position.In our series, lengthenings Achilles tendon show definite tendency to causes eversion foot. This finding mean that triceps surae has function plantar flexor inversion and if weakened, power is weakened. Muscle balance then destructed appears.In order restore this balance, such as weakness power, we lengthen evertors foot, peroneus brevis. attain plantigrade establishment correct posture.

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