focal

Influence of triptolide on neuronal apoptosis in rat with cerebral injury after focal ischemia reperfusion

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Influence of triptolide on neuronal apoptosis in rat with cerebral injury after focal ischemia reperfusion by Deng-ming Wei, Guang-zhao Huang, Yi-gu Zhang, Guang-xun Rao.

Objective: To study effect of triptolide(TL) on neuronal apoptosis in cerebral tissue rat after ischemia-reperfusion. Method: Triptolide at dose 0.2 or 0.4 mg·kg -1was intr aperitoneally injected once a day for 4 d. The focal ischemia-rep erfusion model was established with thread embolism middle artery before trip tolide injection the fourth day. Neurological deficit score rats eval uated; and immunohistochemical techniques were used to count positive cells express MPO TUNEL tissue. Result: Compare d control group, neural function significantly impr oved, number infiltrate neutrophil cere bral remarkably reduced two TL-treated groups. Conclusio n: results suggested that TL can inhibit infiltration decrease degree [

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Toward new sensitive measures to evaluate gait stability in focal cerebellar lesion patients

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Toward new sensitive measures to evaluate gait stability in focal cerebellar lesion patients by Wouter Hoogkamer, Sjoerd M. Bruijn, Stefan Sunaert, Stephan P. Swinnen, Frank Van Calenbergh, Jacques Duysens.

The evident ataxic characteristics of gait in patients with cerebellar damage suggest that the cerebellum plays an important role neural control gait. Ataxic features, such as increased variability and step width, are often related to stability. However, link between these measures stability is not straightforward. Therefore, gain more insights into relations stability, ataxia, we quantified using short-term maximum Lyapunov exponent. This a valid measure derived from dynamical systems theory. Eighteen focal lesions after tumor resection walked on instrumented treadmill at 1.0m/s for 3min. displayed relatively mild functional deficits (ICARS=6.9±6.4, range 0-20) had lower overground walking speed compared healthy controls (1.12m/s versus 1.31m/s). During walking, exponent was higher patients, indicating reduced Furthermore, width patient group while other spatio-temporal parameters were similar. Patients largest vermis least stable pattern. These observations imply sensitive mildly patients.

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Accurate Determination of the Focal Spot Size of a Microfocus X-Ray Tube

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Accurate Determination of the Focal Spot Size of a Microfocus X-Ray Tube by J. Baumann, P. Klofac, G. Fritsch.

The subject of this report is the accurate determination focal size a microfocus X-ray tube. Some information on angular intensity distribution and energy spectrum also given. potential an application energy-dispersive radiography in nondestructive testing with high spatial resolution shown two examples electronic devices.KeywordsSolder JointFocal SpotGold FoilFocal Spot SizeSource ProfileThese keywords were added by machine not authors. This process experimental may be updated as learning algorithm improves.

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Focal non-typhoidal Salmonella infections from a single center in Malaysia.

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Focal non-typhoidal Salmonella infections from a single center in Malaysia. by Way Seah Lee, Asma Hafeez, Hamimah Hassan, Nadeem Sajjad Raja, Savithri D. Puthucheary.

A retrospective review of patients with focal non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) infection was performed to determine its features and outcome. All NTS admitted the University Malaya Medical Center, Malaysia, from 1993 2002 were studied. More than half (58%) 35 cases (54% male, median age 39 years, range 1.5 months 79 years) immunocompromized or had chronic medical conditions. One-third (34%) superficial infections (lymphadenitis subcutaneous tissue infection) all recovered antimicrobial therapy alone. Deep (66%) noted were: meningitis (9%), osteomyelitis arthritis (26%), abscesses gastrointestinal tract adjacent organs (20%), others (11%). more likely occur in extremes ( 60 p< 0.04), associated adverse outcomes an overall mortality rate 9%, required major surgery (15%).

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Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

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Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis by Yukio Yuzawa, Seiichi Matsuo.

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is one of the major causes nephrotic syndrome in adult as well children. Untreated or steroid-resistant primary FSGS often shows a progressive renal insufficiency and reaches to end-stage failure. Concerning treatment for such patients, combined immunosuppressive therapy with corticosteroid other cytotoxic drugs (cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine tacrolimus etc.) recommended. Since podocyte injury seems be most important events FSGS, extensive studies have been focused on role podocyte-related molecules. Recently slit membrane-associated molecules (CD2AP, alpha-actinin 4 podocin) angiotensin II type I receptor clearly shown relevant pathogenesis FSGS.

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A Rapidly Modulated Multifocal Detection Scheme for Parallel Acquisition of Raman Spectra from a 2-D Focal Array

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A Rapidly Modulated Multifocal Detection Scheme for Parallel Acquisition of Raman Spectra from a 2-D Focal Array by Lingbo Kong, James W. Chan.

We report the development of a rapidly modulated multifocal detection scheme that enables full Raman spectra (~500-2000 cm(-1)) from 2-D focal array to be acquired simultaneously. A spatial light modulator splits laser beam generate an m × n array. signals generated within each focus are projected simultaneously into spectrometer and imaged onto TE-cooled CCD camera. shuttering system using different masks is constructed collect superimposed patterns. The individual spectrum then retrieved with no crosstalk postacquisition data processing algorithm. This expected significantly improve speed current Raman-based instruments such as tweezers spectroscopy hyperspectral imaging.

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Focal distraction: Spatial shifts of attentional focus are not required for contingent capture.

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Focal distraction: Spatial shifts of attentional focus are not required for contingent capture. by S. M. Shahab Ghorashi, Samantha M. Zuvic, Troy A. W. Visser, Vincent Di Lollo.

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Focal Resection in the Treatment of Neuronal Migrational Disorders

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Focal Resection in the Treatment of Neuronal Migrational Disorders by Ouz Çataltepe, Youssef G. Comair.

This chapter describes focal resection in the treatment of neuronal migrational disorders (NMD). NMDs constitute an important group congenital structural lesions that frequently cause intractable epilepsy. Focal cortical dysplasia is most common form NMDS and histopathologic findings range from mildest consisting just area dyslamination to more severe forms with giant, aberrant dysplastic neurons balloon cells cortex. It reported (FCD) constituted 2 5% all surgically treated epilepsies. (FNMD) are very epileptogenic often give rise medically refractory In 50% 70% patients, FNMDs seen extratemporal regions. Frontal, central, insular regions involved compared other A study which reviewed 10 cases frontal central lobe presented. Four who underwent had a significant reduction seizure frequency, whereas 5 patients improvement. found none histopathological abnormalities benefited significantly surgery.

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71st ENMC International Workshop, 6th Workshop of the European Charcot–Marie–Tooth Disease Consortium: Hereditary recurrent focal neuropathies, 24–25 September 1999, Soestduinen, The Netherlands

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71st ENMC International Workshop, 6th Workshop of the European Charcot–Marie–Tooth Disease Consortium: Hereditary recurrent focal neuropathies, 24–25 September 1999, Soestduinen, The Netherlands by Florian Stögbauer, Vincent Timmerman, Christine Van Broeckhoven.

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Semiconductor detectors and focal plane arrays for far-infrared imaging

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Semiconductor detectors and focal plane arrays for far-infrared imaging by Antoni Rogalski.

Abstract The detection of far-infrared (far-IR) and sub-mm-wave radiation is resistant to the commonly employed techniques in neighbouring microwave IR frequency bands. In this wavelength range use solid state detectors has been hampered for reasons transit time charge carriers being larger than one oscillation period radiation. Also energy quanta substantially smaller thermal at room temperature even liquid nitrogen temperature. realization terahertz (THz) emitters receivers a challenge because frequencies are too high conventional electronics photon energies small classical optics. Development semiconductor focal plane arrays started seventies last century revolutionized imaging systems next decades. This paper presents progress far-IR detector technology during past twenty years. Special attention given on recent technologies real-time uncooled THz such as Schottky barrier arrays, field-effect transistor detectors, microbolometers. cryogenically cooled silicon germanium extrinsic photoconductor bolometer considered.

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